Answer 2.

Play is reflected as a process for the children, which emerges out naturally based on their free choice, spontaneously directed, and motivated by them. They determine their own ways to conduct the plays which possess their own reasons, ideas, and profound thought process supported by their instincts. Quality Area 3 in National Standard for Childhood Education and Care represents the care setting with sufficient resources and equipment for the children an inadequate number of supporting their play-based learning (Element 3.2.2, 2020). 

. The outdoor environment boosts the health of the children as well with their active interaction to natural elements instead of being confined to artificial aspects of the indoor (Little, 2017). The interactive play, which contributes to the learning of the children, can be outlined in the following five points: 

1. The initiation of literacy starts with play. The children learn new vocabulary, sounds, and objects in the surroundings, develop a curiosity for asking questions about unknown and becomes story-tellers (Jay & Knaus. 2018). They learn to become imaginative in their thought process and starts building their own space of creativity. 
2. Manipulative play like puzzles, blocks, riddles, and construction help them develop their cognitive growth. They learn to understand the basics of how to construct, solve puzzles and riddles, and identify the patterns. 
3. The young age of children enhances their ability to participate in the play where the diversity of children can be observed (Tyas & Naibaho, 2020. 
4. A child learns to be organized while playing. This quality of developing organization skill includes the support of the parents, who are an essential part of the learning process for the children.
5. The overall physical and mental health is maintained, which supports the proper growth of the children with their age and helps the children to develop concentration and adapt to learning skills in life.

Answer 3.

 The Early Learning Years Framework has developed the aim to provide equality in the education and caring environment which comprises of the Quality Area 2 highlighting the physical, psychological, and cognitive well-being of children. The resources provided in the National Quality Standard directs to the planned menu by the Victoria Government education department to supervise the nutritional quality provided to the children that determine their growth and development in the early years (Food and Health, 2020). The protein-rich diet, along with limited carbohydrates and nutritional food help the children build their immunity against diseases.

 The choice of food must be monitored by the parents at an early age and introduce them with health-promoting and preventive disease food. The guidelines provided by the Early Learning Years Framework provides the information on fruits and vegetables to be included in the diet of the children which supplies micronutrients, antioxidants and fibre for the growth of the body (Røed et al. 2020). The children once in a while get the choice of food which determines the BMI (Body Mass Index) of a child that has to be in sync with the age of the child. A lower or higher index indicates poor nutrition level in the body that may affect the growth or immunity of the child in the long run.

 The food choice of a child is developed at home where they are provided with alternatives to food. However, access to unhealthy food which is attractive for the senior members of a family will ultimately harm the choice of healthy options for the child since one can grow tantrums of having unhealthy food like pizza or burger from restaurants. The food canteens in Australian Schools have been instrumental in addressing the problems of unhealthy food habits by transforming the health and greener food as a lucrative offer for the children with some twist (Waddingham et al. 2018). The menu may comprise of pizza but with veggies as toppings with freshly baked bread, similarly pancakes with an adequate amount of fruits like banana, or mashed apple which retains the nutritional value of food.

The complete food nutrition has several dimensions which also need to be emphasized with the time of consumption. It has been observed that children in Australia who are breakfast skippers end up with insufficient calcium, folate, iron and other nutrients in their body while the breakfast consumers gain all these vital nutrients (Fayet-Moore et al. 2016). The consumption of cereals, vegetables, or fruits in proper breakfast adds on healthy nutrients with average weight gain along with physical exercise. It is also recommended by the health experts to add leafy veggies, eggs, bacon, walnuts, milk, and whole-grain food which improves the health of the brain thereby increasing the mental development as well.

Answer 4. 

 Sleep disorder may lead to dysfunctional behaviour and may cause irrational behaviour among children. The recent technology development can also contribute to the aspect of sleeplessness or sleep disturbances among the children. The VR technology, Smartphone, Television, iPod or computer attract the children with several cartoons or animated contents that reduces the required amount of sleep or the period of rest necessary for the children. The lack of monitoring of the children by their parents and making access to the technological devices for the children turn them to addicts of using the media without any restrictions (Jaisawal, 2020). The radio-frequency radiations through this technology that is left unmonitored are associated with emotional and behavioural disorders among the children.  

Maladaptive behaviour reciprocates to the sleeping disturbances among the children where they start experiencing anxiety, trauma, issues with adjusting in the classroom setting or in-home, being aggressive, withdrawal from the surrounding and several other changes are witnessed among the children (Stores, 2016). It has been observed lately that irregular timing to bed, obsession over technological devices like television and mobile phone tends to disrupt the natural rhythms and functions of the body.  The disruption caused in the circadian rhythms or body clock leads to sleep deprivation. This disruption tends to aggravate the behaviour of the children when they are forcibly awakened the next morning when their body requires more sleep (Weber, 2016). This behavioural problem has been clinically studied by the researchers from the UK, which finds the children tend to get crankier, weepy and more show of tantrums is visible in their behavior.

 Sleep disorder has been associated with the parental expectations of the children, the cultural factors, prevalent diseases in children and the medications that impact the quality and quantity of sleep among the children. The family disturbances and major trauma caused to a child may contribute to sleeplessness or aggravated sleep during the daytime. The behavioural changes are visible among the children which can be rectified gradually with a holistic approach like proper time and quality of sleep, aromatherapy, reading out stories by the parents and good food habits among the children may boost sleep (Mysliwiec et al. 2018). The children who grow obese in their childhood due to unmonitored diets or lack of physical exercise tend to develop sleeping disorders. Therefore, it is essential for the parents to maintain safety and hygiene ambience and seek advice from the health experts if they view any change in the behavior of the child. Sleep deprivation among the small children also impact their body growth at night since the body becomes restless which requires being in rest.